Global Atomic Quiz

Hafnium is an element of the periodic table which helped to prove the first model of the atom based on the quantum principles. It existence was predicted by the followers of Niels Bohr who developed this model. Therefore, it was hafnium that proved the quantum model of the atom.

1

True

2

False

Although the word ‘atom’ comes from ancient Greece, mankind began to study its internal structure only one and a half centuries ago. The more scientists learnt about atoms, the more accurate their models became. Reconstruct the history of the atom model improvement:

1

Nuclear model or Rutherford model

2

Plum pudding model or Thomson model

3

Quantum model or Schrödinger model

4

Planetary model or Bohr model

2 - Восстанови историю совершенствования модели атома

When was the world’s first nuclear power plant launched?

1

1951

2

1946

3

1959

4

1954

3 - В каком году была запущена первая в мире атомная электростанция?

At the International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in 1955, another speaker took the podium. Weirdly, he had a suitcase in his hands. Having started his speech, he first took old shoes out of his suitcase, and then a piece of a wooden paddle. According to the scientist, the shoes were worn by a North American 9.5 thousand years ago, and the paddle was made in Ancient Egypt three thousand years ago. Just a few years later, in an application for the Nobel Prize to this speaker, his colleague Kenneth Pitzer wrote, «Seldom has a single discovery in chemistry had such an impact on the thinking in so many fields of human endeavour.» What did the speaker invent?

1

CT scan of artifacts

2

Potassium-argon dating

3

Neutron activation analysis of chemical composition

4

Carbon dating

In nuclear medicine, radionuclides are used to diagnose and treat diseases. The field of theranostics is also developing (the name comes from a combination of two concepts — «therapy,» meaning treatment, and «diagnosis»), in which theranostic isotope pairs are used for these purposes. The role of a particular radionuclide is determined by its nuclear and physical properties. The half-life plays a significant role. Arrange the radionuclides used in nuclear medicine in order of increasing half-life:

1

Copper-64

2

Iodine-131

3

Copper-67

4

Iodine-124

The Northern Sea Route is the shortest route from Europe to Asia, but these Arctic waters are covered with ice for most of the year. Russian nuclear icebreakers pilot ships there. Nuclear icebreakers cut the ice with their sharp heads, like a knife cutting butter.

1

Yes

2

No

Nuclear physics plays a large role in development of new space technologies which will help us arrange expeditions to other planets of the solar system and their satellites. Put the types of rocket engines in the following order:
1. The earliest development
2. Engine actively used nowadays
3. Engine occasionally used in the past and being developed today for space crafts in its upgraded form
4. Concept for interstellar journeys

1

Thermonuclear rocket engine

2

Plasma rocket engine

3

Liquid-propellant rocket engine using kerosene and liquid oxygen

4

Closed-loop liquid-propellant rocket engine using methane and liquid oxygen

7 - Расположи виды космических ракетных двигателей

Operation of quantum computers is based on two principles of quantum mechanics: superposition and entanglement. However, ordinary modern computers, smartphones, and even USB flash drives also use the principles of quantum mechanics.

1

Yes

2

No

The Sun, like most other stars, produces energy through nucleosynthesis in its core. Under extreme pressure and temperature, light nuclei of elements fuse into heavier ones. The process is accompanied by release of energy. Therefore, when our thermonuclear reactors start producing more energy than they consume, we will have a nearly inexhaustible source of energy. What formula can be used to calculate the amount of energy released by fusion of, for example, tritium and deuterium into a helium atom?

1

N = N0e-λt

2

v = at

3

E = hv

4

E0 = mc2